In order for the washing machine to start its work, you need to draw water. The water is taken in by means of an inlet hose, which is connected to the water supply. To ensure that the amount of water meets the standard required for washing, the washing machine has a built-in pressure switch. It is also called a level switch, or a level sensor. Some smart washing machines themselves determine the amount of laundry loaded and fill in exactly the amount of liquid that is needed for washing.
How does water move during washing?
During washing, water is not only poured at the time when it is needed, but also drained. The drain is responsible for this water pump (pump). It is located at the very bottom of the washing machine. To prevent various unnecessary objects from falling into the middle of the pump, a filter is installed in front of it. It serves to protect the pump from small things, for example:
- Buttons;
- Paperclips;
- coins;
- Pins;
- And so on.
These small items very often end up in the middle of the washing machine along with the items intended for washing.
It's pretty easy to do this because filter located on the front side of the washing machine, in its lower part.
To get to it, you need to remove the bottom panel and pull out the filter.Then clean it up and put it back in place. Be prepared for the fact that when you take out the filter, water will pour. Therefore, prepare a rag or a low container in advance.
To make it easier for you to imagine the whole cleaning process, we decided to show a video of the washing machine device.
The drain pump can take part in washing in a different way. For example, it can direct the circulation of water towards the dispenser or the top of the tank. In some models, another pump is used for this.
When the water moves in the bottom of the washing machine tank, your detergent is completely dissolved. Due to this, the quality of washing is improved, and there is also an opportunity to save washing powder.
A solution of detergents and water is poured onto things from the ribs of the tank, which are located on its inside. With their help, a mechanical effect is exerted on the linen. When the tub is in operation, the laundry first rises and then falls. In many models of washing machines, the ribs also additionally treat the laundry with soapy water.
When the required amount of water is collected in the tank, to work 
heating element is connectedheating element). In the washing machine, it is located under the tank. Some models have it in the back, others in the front.
A special sensor controls the water heating temperature, which allows you to heat the water to the required temperature, which is set in the washing program.
Drum rotation and water heating in the washing machine
In order for the wash to go well, we need detergent, hot or warm water and mechanical action.
A washing powder or a gel-like agent is used as a washing agent, a heating element is used to heat water, and mechanical action is used to rotate the drum. Washing machine motor device drives drum. It is located under the tank at the bottom of the washing machine.
The pulley is on the back of the tank. drive belt connects the motor to the pulley. The motor drives the belt, and it transmits rotation to the drum inside the tank. This design is considered conventional, but it also has its drawbacks, since the belt is constantly in contact with moving elements, a friction effect is created. So it wears out over time. Another disadvantage of this design is the vibration of the washing machine.
In more advanced models of washing machines, a belt drive is not used. It has been replaced by direct drive. It is actively used in LG washing machines (El G). In these models, the motor is attached directly to the drum. With this design, less energy is spent on rotating the drum, the vibration force is reduced and space is saved inside the washing machine.
There is less noise from this motor, and direct drive allows you to make washing machines more compact.
Washing and spinning
During washing, the drum rotates first in one direction and then in the other direction at a relatively low speed. When spinning, the rotation speed reaches its maximum.
Thanks to centrifugal force, the liquid from the spun clothes leaves through the small holes in the tank. And the drain pump takes it out.
When spinning, the rotation speed increases gradually. This is necessary so that things are evenly distributed on the surface of the drum. It also helps to avoid strong vibrations.
If the balance inside the tank is disturbed, then the speed of rotation of the washing machine is reduced again, and then again distributed inside the washing machine. After that, it picks up again and spin continues. As you can see, the device of the washing machine is quite intricate.
control module
All processes that occur during washing are controlled by the control module.
It controls the time of connection or disconnection of the heating element, turns on the drain pump when it is necessary to drain the water from the tank. He also decides when the drum should rotate and at what speed.
He also monitors the readings of various sensors that are provided during washing. No modern washing machine can do without this control system.
The control module is the most expensive part of the washing machine. It is very expensive, as it has a complex device. Therefore, if this part is damaged, washing machines are not recommended to be replaced on their own.
drum and tank
There is a drum inside the tub of the washing machine. This is where we put dirty things. The tank automatically fills with water and detergent. Since there are many small holes in the tub, the washing powder and water mix with the clothes and wash them.
Manufacturers make the drum from stainless steel, and the tank can be either stainless steel or plastic. Most often it consists of two parts, but sometimes there are tanks consisting of a whole “piece”.There are people who, in case of urgent need, can cut a non-separable tank into two parts, and then use bolts and waterproof sealant to connect them together.
In some models of washing machines, the tanks are installed at an angle. But most often they are installed horizontally.
If you are one of those people who prefer to see once rather than hear a hundred times, we offer a video.
In this video you can see not only what the washing machine consists of, but also its brief history. Enjoy your viewing and good luck in learning about the design of washing machines.
